Direct and
Indirect Speech
When we want to restate what
exactly a speaker uttered, we use indirect speech.In this type of speech, which
is also called reported speech, we use no quotation marks and we frequently
change the pronouns and possessive adjectives from one person to another.To
make the restatement remain logical, we have to follow the rule of sequence of
tenses.
Sequence of
Tenses
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
Simple Present Tense
|
Simple Past Tense
|
Simple Past Tense
|
Past Perfect Tense
|
Present Continuous Tense
|
Past Continuous Tense
|
Present Perfect Tense
|
Past Perfect Tense
|
Past Perfect Tense
|
Past Perfect Tense
|
Simple Future Tense
|
Past Future Tense
|
Change in Adverbs
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
Here
|
There
|
Now
|
Then
|
Ago
|
Before/earlier
|
Today/tonight
|
That day/that night
|
Yesterday
|
The day before/the next day
|
Tomorrow
|
The following day/the next day
|
Last week/last month
|
The week before/the month before
|
Tomorrow morning/afternoon
|
The following morning/afternoon
|
Next week/month
|
The following week/month
|
Example
·
Tina
and Tino said, “We are going to renovate our house immediately.”
·
Tina
and Tino said that they were going to renovate their house immediately.
v Rosa said, “I don’t like working at night.”
v Rosa sid that she didn’t like working at
night
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